MATH437

Differential Forms

Prerequisite: 1 course with a minimum grade of C- from (MATH241, MATH340); and 1 course with a minimum grade of C- from (MATH240, MATH341, MATH461). Recommended: MATH405, MATH403, MATH436, MATH410, or MATH432. Introduction to differential forms and their applications, and unites the fundamental theorems of multivariable calculus in a general Stokes Theorem that is valid in great generality. It develops this theory and technique to perform calculations in analysis and geometry. Topics include an introduction to topological spaces, the Gauss-Bonnet Theorem, Gauss's formula for the linking number, and the Cauchy Integral Theorem. Applications include Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism, connections and gauge theory, and symplectic geometry and Hamiltonian dynamics.

Spring 2026

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Spring 2025

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Past Semesters

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During the Spring 2020 and Spring 2021 semesters, students could choose to take some of their courses pass-fail mid-semester which skews grade data aggregated across multiple semesters.

Average GPA of 2.85 between 161 students*

MATH437 Grade Distribution+-0510152025303540455055% of studentsABCDFWother
A-: 9.94%
A: 25.47%
A+: 14.91%
B-: 2.48%
B: 9.94%
B+: 5.59%
C-: 1.24%
C: 4.97%
C+: 1.24%
D-: 0.62%
D: 0.62%
F: 1.86%
W: 15.53%
other: 5.59%
* "W"s are considered to be 0.0 quality points. "Other" grades are not factored into GPA calculation. Grade data not guaranteed to be correct.