ENMA414

Introduction to Solid State Ionics

Prerequisite: ENMA300; and permission of ENGR-Materials Science & Engineering department. Credit only granted for: ENMA414 or ENMA489W. Formerly: ENMA489W. Solid State Ionics is the study of point defects in crystalline and non-crystalline solids; defect equilibria and transport; the influence of chemical and electric potentials, interfaces, and association; and the application of ionically conducting solids in solid-state electrochemical transducer systems and devices.

Spring 2026

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Fall 2025

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Past Semesters

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During the Spring 2020 and Spring 2021 semesters, students could choose to take some of their courses pass-fail mid-semester which skews grade data aggregated across multiple semesters.

Average GPA of 2.97 between 25 students*

ENMA414 Grade Distribution+-051015202530354045% of studentsABCDFWother
A-: 16%
A: 16%
A+: 12%
B-: 4%
B: 24%
B+: 4%
C-: 8%
C: 8%
F: 4%
W: 4%
* "W"s are considered to be 0.0 quality points. "Other" grades are not factored into GPA calculation. Grade data not guaranteed to be correct.